Common Latin Abbreviations and Terms used in Footnotes and Bibliographies*
Abbreviation | Latin | English |
A.M. | ante meridiem | before noon |
c. or ca | circa | about, approximately |
cf. | confer | compare |
c.v. | curriculum vitae | curriculum vitae |
ead. | eadem | in the same place, author(female form of ibid.) |
e.g. | exempli gratia | for example, for instance |
et al. | et allii, et alia | and other people/things |
etc. | et cetera | and so on, and other things |
et seq. | et sequens | and the following pages |
ib, ibid. | ibidem | in the same place, author(esp. previous reference) |
i.e. | id est | that is to say |
infra | below | |
inter alia | amongst other things | |
loc. cit. | loco citato | in the place cited/mentioned |
N.B. | nota bene | note well/carefully |
op. cit. | opere citato | in the work cited/mentioned before |
P.M. | post meridiem | after noon |
P.S. | post scriptum | after writing |
passim | here & there, throughout, in several places | |
pro tem. | pro tempore | for the time, temporarily |
Q.E.D. | quod erat demonstrandum | which was to be shown |
q.v. | quod vide | which see, elsewhere in the same book |
sc. | scilicet | that is to say |
sic | thus used, spelt, etc. | |
stet | as it was originally | |
supra | above | |
v., vs. | versus | against |
vide | see | |
viz. | videlicet | namely, that is to say |
v.v. | vice versa | the other way round |
* Taken from Aston University